M1 Study Module, Riding Skills and Safe Riding
Ontario M1 motorcycle knowledge test. This study material teaches basic riding skills and the habits of safe, responsible riding in ExamCAN's own words, based on the Official MTO Motorcycle Handbook. Verify against the current handbook before relying on it.
ExamCAN is not affiliated with or endorsed by the Government of Ontario or the Ministry of Transportation.
Before riding in traffic, a learner must be able to control the motorcycle smoothly and predictably.
Starting and shifting
To start the engine, turn the ignition on, make sure the engine kill switch is not in the "off" position, pull in the clutch, and press the starter button.
Changing gears means coordinating the clutch and throttle smoothly. It is a skill you must master before riding in traffic.
- Shift up when the engine is turning too fast for the motorcycle's speed, or when you want to accelerate.
- Shift down when the engine is turning too slowly, or when you want to slow down and use engine braking.
Braking
Use both the front and rear brakes every time you slow down or stop. The front brake supplies about three-quarters of the motorcycle's stopping power, but you still use both together for the shortest, most controlled stop.
Steering and turning
At riding speed, a motorcycle is steered by counter-steering: a small push on a handlebar starts the lean that turns the bike.
- Push the left handlebar to begin a turn to the left.
- Push the right handlebar to begin a turn to the right.
Good cornering follows a simple order:
- Slow down before you enter the turn.
- Look well ahead, through the turn, toward where you want to go.
- Finish all your braking before the turn, braking while leaned over reduces grip and can cause a skid.
Body position
Sit fairly straight with your knees firmly against the gas tank; this gives comfort and better control. When stopped at an intersection, keep both brakes applied and your left foot on the ground, ready to move off.
Memory hook for turns: Slow, Look, Roll. Slow down, look through the turn, then roll on the throttle smoothly as you come out of it.
Recall: Which brake provides most of your stopping power? Which handlebar do you push to turn left? When should you finish braking for a turn?